Posts
Distillation Fundamentals @ Neutrium.net
April 17, 2017Distillation is a process by which a liquid mixture is separated into fractions with higher concentrations of certain components by exploiting differences in relative volatility. In industrial settings such as oil refineries and natural gas processing plants this separation process is undertaken using a distillation column. This article describes the basic principles and operation of a distillation column and the equipment and terminology used when discussing distillation.
Wobbe Index @ Neutrium.net
September 2, 2016The Wobbe Index is a measure of the interchangeability of fuel gases and their relative ability to deliver energy. It gives an indication of whether a turbine or burner will be able to run on an alternative fuel source without tuning or physical modifications.
Henry's Law @ Neutrium.net
March 18, 2016Henry’s Law describes the relationship between the solubility of a gas in a liquid and the partial pressure of that gas above the liquid surface. A range of experimentally determined Henry’s constants are tabulated and can be used to determine the solubility of various gas species in water.
Raoult's Law @ Neutrium.net
March 15, 2016Raoult’s law gives a method of estimating the composition and pressure of the vapour above a liquid mixture. This article describes the basis of Raoult’s law and provides an example of how to apply it.
Dalton's Law @ Neutrium.net
February 3, 2016Dalton’s law provides a method by which the total pressure of a gas mixture can be calculated using the partial pressures of the component gases of the mixture.
Cv versus Orifice Size @ Neutrium.net
February 2, 2016The pressure drop or flow rate through a valve or orifice plate is typically calculated using the a flow coefficient, Cv or orifice diameter. This article demonstrates how to convert between these two parameters when performing functions such as selecting a valve with an equivalent pressure drop to a given orifice plate.
Calculation of Flow through Nozzles and Orifices @ Neutrium.net
November 2, 2015This article provides calculation methods for correlating design, flow rate and pressure loss as a fluid passes through a nozzle or orifice. Nozzles and orifices are often used to deliberately reduce pressure, restrict flow or to measure flow rate.
Discharge Coefficient for Nozzles and Orifices @ Neutrium.net
November 2, 2015The discharge coefficient is a dimensionless number used to characterise the flow and pressure loss behaviour of nozzles and orifices in fluid systems. Orifices and nozzles are typically used to deliberately reduce pressure, restrict flow or to measure flow rate. This article gives typical values of the discharge coefficient for common orifice and nozzle designs.
Joule-Thomson Effect @ Neutrium.net
September 15, 2015The Joule-Thomson Effect describes the change in temperature of a gas as it experiences a rapid change in pressure from passing through a valve, orifice or nozzle. It may represent a safety hazard, or an opportunity depending on the process.
Hydrate Formation in Gas Systems @ Neutrium.net
June 30, 2015Hydrate formation represents a significant risk to process safety as it can result in the plugging of both pipes and instruments. Hydrates typically form in process where light hydrocarbons, water vapor and low temperatures or high pressures are present. This article describes the conditions under which hydrates form, how formation may be prevented and what can be done once hydrates have formed.